This unofficial English translation of the 2004 Moroccan Family Law (Moudawana) was prepared by a team of English and Arabic speaking lawyers and a professional Arabic-English Moroccan translator at the Global Rights head Office in Washington and their field Office in Morocco. Entretien avec Mohamed Saïd Saadi, ancien ministre En 1998, le gouvernement de l’alternance de Youssoufi avait donné le ton, dès le discours d’investiture et a fait de la question de la femme, une priorité. [6] Ultimately, the credit for the reforms' successful enactment has been given to the monarchy. Le Code Marocain de la Famille « Moudawana » Communiqué de Presse, Droits des Femmes et Justice de Genre, Maroc / Sahara Occidental. "A New Family Law in Morocco." [25], From a legal standpoint, the Moroccan penal code still does not reflect the principles of gender equality established within the provisions of the Mudawana. On October 10, 2003, the king presented Parliament with a plan to replace the old Mudawana entirely, on the commission's recommendation, describing the new law code as “modern” and intended to “free women from the injustices they endure, in addition [to] protecting children’s rights and safeguarding men’s dignity.”[11] In doing so, he emphasized that the reforms were not intended to address women's rights exclusively, but to address issues associated with the family as a whole. “In Lorestan, there is no water, no electricity, in fact, nothing at all” Bran, Laurie A. [6], In the 1980s, a financial crisis led King Hassan II to implement a program of structural adjustment that included some social reforms, leading to increased activity among political and civil society organizations. [27], The public mood also shifted in the reformists' direction after the terrorist attacks by Salafia Jihadia suicide bombers in Casablanca in 2003. [11] Ibid. "H E Latifa Jbabdi." Secrétaire d’Etat chargé de la Protection sociale, de la Famille et de l’Enfance alors, Mohamed Saïd Saadi était et reste le … [9][11] This move demonstrated significant political support behind the idea of reform, and framed the issue more as one of politics and human rights than religion (indicated in part by the delivery of the petition to the prime minister, the nominal head of the government, as opposed to the king of Morocco, who is also a spiritual leader). Children in custody must be given “suitable accommodation,” the terms of which must be settled within a month of any dispute. "Sculpting the Rock of Women's Rights: The Role of Women's Organizations in Promoting the National Plan of Action to Integrate Women in Development in Morocco. [24] The march was intended to raise awareness of a range of issues relating to women's rights. Civil Society and Political Change in Morocco. [6] Many argue that the electoral system's main function is to serve as a means for the monarchy to create and manipulate a dependent class of political elites. [19], Other critics of the Mudawana point out that irrespective of the value of the reforms themselves, the process by which they were achieved is flawed, creates difficulties for their implementation, and can even be considered counter-productive to the process of democratization. If a man does not fulfill his obligations according to the marriage contract, or causes his wife harm such as abandonment or violence, she has the right to file for divorce; the new law also provides for divorce in situations of mutual consent. CNN. 2001. In response, the reformists called on him to change the Moudawana. According to Fatima Outaleb, a member of the UAF, "The UAF was not dissatisfied with those reforms. Leila Hanafi . مدونة السير بالمغرب pdf. Qui donne ne doit jamais s’en souvenir. Development, in many cases includes a process of securing access to rights, and their enforcement, whereas the existence of rights enhances development processes. "The Politics of the Reform of the New Family Law (the Moudawana)." The movement did not stop once they had achieved their original goals. 9 Oct. 2005. However, King Mohamed VI, who took the throne in 1999 and continues to rule the country today, has showed hints of being less repressive than his father. However, on the same day, an alliance of opponents to the movement organized a march in Casablanca, where the women, all veiled, marched in separate lines from the men. verabschiedet und hat sowohl positive als auch negative Reaktionen hervorgerufen. This group, with input from several Moroccan women's organizations and funding from the World Bank, produced Le Plan d’action national pour l’intégration de la femme au développement (The Plan of Action for the Integration of Women in Development, or PAIWD). [27] Ibid. Al3omk « Nous avons tiré la sonnette d’alarme à plusieurs reprises. A married couple may negotiate an agreement separate from the marriage contract regarding the management of assets they acquire while married (this does not negate the principle of separate marital property), This page was last edited on 14 November 2020, at 05:28. Women in Morocco are central to the family structure around which Moroccan society is based. While this incident served as a major roadblock for the UAF, King Mohammed VI's arrival onto the political scene was a blessing in disguise. Its most recent revision, passed by the Moroccan parliament in 2004, has been praised by human rights activists for its measures to address women's rights and gender equality within an Islamic legal framework.[2]. Yet the Moudawana, the family code that governs areas of family law such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, and child custody, gave few rights to women when it was first adopted in 1958, reflecting centuries-old customs. Many against the Moudawana reformation believed the UAF's campaign to be against the Islamic values traditionally held in Morocco. "Progressive or Conservative, Women Influence Islam." ", Slymovics, Susan. Bravo pour cette projection ! Once a woman comes of age, she does not need a marital tutor (a male relative, usually the father who speaks on her behalf). La polygamie dans la Moudawana marocaine : un numéro de haute voltige. فردی که #آپارات را تاسیس کرده بود خود اعتراف کرده بود آپارات نان #فیلترینگ یوتیوب را می‌خ…, نقض آزادی وکلای دادگستری در فضای مجازی Maroko adalah negara Afrika Utara, yang terletak di ujung barat laut Afrika di ujung benua Eropa. On March 5, 2001, a year after the rallies in Casablanca and Rabat, Mohammed VI announced the formation of a commission to reform the Mudawana, members of which included a Supreme Court justice, religious scholars, political representatives, and intellectuals from a number of different backgrounds, including female representatives from women's organizations. This Book was ranked at 16 by Google Books for keyword administration des soins de santé à l'étranger.. Book ID of La Moudawana, le nouveau droit de la famille au Maroc's Books is rSkJDuzIeF0C, Book which was written byOmar Mounirhave ETAG "AgzP2zTAVXY" London: British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 2008. "The Moroccan Family Code (Moudawana) of February 5, 2004." All of Morocco's major women's organizations have positioned their work within an Islamic framework in some way, drawing on the work of Islamic scholars to inform their agendas. [9] As a result, this traditional form of religious authority gives the monarch the political legitimacy to arbitrate the agenda and decisions of a modern, multiparty government.[10]. For example, a woman still needs her husband's permission to obtain a passport and can be penalized for having a child out of wedlock, and there is no legislation addressing or criminalizing violence against women. [34] Sater, James. [9], The proliferation of civil society organizations flourished even more in the 1990s, due in part to King Hassan II's active support for them, which reflected a worldwide trend of civil society promotion. C’est donc en 1957 que le Maroc, entreprend de codifier le droit de la famille, sous l’appellation de Moudawana ou Code du Statut personnel. Au Maroc, les mariages polygames gagnent du terrain, et ce, malgré la mise en place de la loi instaurée en 2004. The minimum age for men and women to be married is 18 unless specified by a judge; in addition, boys and girls under custody may choose their custodian once they reach the age of 15. Maintenant je dis que les idées de ces gens là ne donneront rien de bon au Maroc. Si Amir je connais la moudawana, mais je ne comprends pas najqt ce que najat atabou lui apporte de aatavou Bass [ MP ] 2 février Espaces de noms Article Discussion. Originally based on the Maliki school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence, it was codified after the country gained independence from France in 1956. Morocco’s economy is based on small and medium-sized enterprises, tourism and agriculture. Latifa Jbabdi (born 1955) is a Moroccan feminist activist and writer. Freedom House. [8] Some have argued that the king's support was motivated as much by international pressures and his desire to join the European Union as domestic economic and political problems. [14] The opposition took many steps to curb the power of the UAF; the Ministry of Religious Endowments and Islamic Affairs encouraged imams to preach against the reforms. A man may only take a second wife if a judge authorizes it, and only if there is an exceptional and objective justification for it, the first wife consents, and the man has sufficient resources to support the two families and guarantee all maintenance rights, accommodation and equality in all aspects of life. [13], As the reform campaign garnered attention and supporters, it also gained some enemies in its fight for women's equality. [2] Zvan, Katja. [7] Practically speaking, despite multiparty elections, the monarchy, and not parliament, is the site of strategic political decision-making in Morocco. There is an intrinsic link between human rights and development. [15], Jbabdi worked to engage her opponents in debate by incorporating a religious foundation to her arguments. Malik ibn Anas, the founder of the Maliki school of Sunni Islam, wrote Al-Muwatta, which was an 8th-century collection of hadith, or sayings, of Muhammad, his family, and his companions. [32] Ibid. This was partly due to the reformists' beliefs and ideals, and partly due to the political reality at the time; King Hassan II was not sympathetic to the reforms, and so the UAF addressed their petition to the Prime Minister. Women in Morocco are central to the family structure around which Moroccan society is based. Freedom House. [24], Opponents to the law assert that the reforms represent an imposition of legislation that does not enjoy broad support, pointing out that opinion polls often favor urban populations and are not representative of Moroccan society as a whole. Finally, the number of women arranging their own marriages increased by over 14% between 2006 and 2007. Critics of the reforms point to the elitist roots of the movements that advocated for the reforms, the influence of Western secular principles, and the many barriers to the law's implementation within Moroccan society. [29] Ibid. [2], In terms of social barriers, there is a significant gap between formal legal reforms in theory and their practice in reality. [35] Ghazalla. PDF. ... مدونة السير بالمغرب 2020. Association des femmes du Maroc, 2004, L’égalité entre les Hommes et les Femmes, point de vue de la population marocaine, Rapport d’analyse, Rabat. 9hab Maroc 2011 - Metacafe (lahwa 9hab) zouk dial lahwa is located in Tanger. Cinq années après l’entrée en vigueur du code de la famille, nous l’avons fait, puis, à la commémoration de sa première décennie, nous l’avons relancé en organisant un forum ». This included the founding of many new women's associations, many of which began as affiliates of existing political parties. Lorestani youth stuck… https://t.co/ZjwyrfK8sV, Alireza Ghandchi, who lost his wife and 2 children in the shooting down of #PS752 speaks at gravesite of Rosstin Mo… https://t.co/xf6o5GSrF1, #یلدای_٩٩ #یلدای_خونین "Morocco: A Look At Women's Rights 5 Years After Reforms." Slymovics, Susan. This occurred shortly after Mohammad VI succeeded his father as King, and within a year of the rallies, he announced the formation of a commission to further reform the Mudawana. After a series of demonstrations, educational seminars, government lobbying, and a One Million Signatures petition campaign, King Hassan II was forced to take action. Levinson, Charles. اگر از کاربران #یوتیوب هستید بهتر است بدانید برای حفظ امنیت ضروری است تاریخچه فعالیت‌های… https://t.co/5TVcs5D2sX, Happy #YaldaNight? The Maliki school has been the dominant source of Islamic jurisprudence in Morocco since the 10th century. 2009. [14] Even as various Muslim-majority states have expanded public civil and political rights for women, separate family laws rooted in Shari'a have often remained unchanged; for many Muslims, these family laws remain an untouchable symbol of Muslim identity. Nous avons créé ce blog afin d’aider les personnes à faire leurs achats sur les sites de Ecommerce. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001. [22] Abiad. Une loi pour les avocats, un décret pour les magistrats et un lifting pour la Moudawana… Pour le ministère de la Justice, cette année ne sera pas de tout repos. "[4], Using the momentum generated by the One Million Signatures campaign and the 1993 Moudawana reforms, the UAF and other women's groups continued to lobby the government by raising awareness of other issues affecting women such as rape and domestic violence. It concerns issues related to the family, including the regulation of marriage, polygamy, divorce, inheritance, and child custody. [23] Two-thirds of Moroccan women surveyed said they felt the new Mudawana had improved women's status in Morocco, and 50% of men agreed. Dispositions générales relatives au mariage au maroc MR Mariage. Morocco in Transition, Middle East Report 218 (Spring 2001). [22] The campaign was highly successful and the UAF exceeded their target by collecting more than a million signatures, a considerable achievement given Morocco's total population of only 25 million.[23]. [18] Slymovics. 2008. [7] These conditions have impacted the process of reforming Moroccan family law significantly. ALIMAROC ADDICT est un Blog pour les acheteurs Marocain. [30], The UAF reached out to and worked with many other organizations and groups of people to achieve the reforms; alliances with other women's rights NGOs, political parties, independent politicians, social workers, and academics enabled the UAF to succeed in its mission. 1,063 likes. August 2020 . طرح از محمد مردانی افضل [17], The creation of the PAIWD, and the stir it caused, effectively created two opposing political factions among Morocco's political elite, one identifying as “modernists” lobbying against the influence of Islamic extremists and the other identifying as traditionalists who insisted that newly proposed reforms were rooted in Western interference. [12] Ghazalla, Iman. Ghazalla, Iman. The right to petition for divorce belongs to both men and women, though procedures for reconciliation and mediation are encouraged. PDF. [37] Ibid. "Morocco Country Report." In 1992, they launched the One Million Signatures campaign, which aimed to gather a million signatures on a petition to reform the Moudawana. Moudawana .. Sous l'impulsion du roi, la réforme de la Moudawana - le code de la famille - a marqué un tournant dès 2004 au Maroc. Children born outside of wedlock have the right to the acknowledgment of paternity. #محمدرضاشاه #جهرم #شاه #پهلوی https://t.co/T4o9rYGpMj, ویلیام نلسون جوی عضو آکادمی ملی مهندسی، آکادمی هنر و علوم آمریکا است. [17] Ibid. admin March 16, 2020 March 16, 2020 No Comments on LA MOUDAWANA MAROCAINE PDF 8 févr. World Report 2010. [9] For her membership in an illegal Marxist group known as "March 23", Jbabdi was imprisoned from 1977 until her trial and release in 1980. [31] Ghazalla. [11] Generally these reforms were considered superficial, but significant as an indicator that the Mudawana was not an unchangeable standard, as it had previously been perceived. Initially, the UAF and its reformist allies adopted a strictly secular agenda. [16] Levinson, Charles. The proposed reforms drew not only on principles derived from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights but also on the Islamic principles of equality, justice, and tolerance. [3] Ibid. If you do not have access to Google Play download the Android APK file below ( Android 4.2.2 and higher). "[36] Through its outreach efforts, the UAF broadened their base of supporters. As a result of newly created civil society organizations, including many women's organizations, and increased international attention on women's rights, modest reforms to the Mudawana were enacted in 1993 under King Hassan II. Touahri, Sarah. [10] Upon her release, Jbabdi founded and served as editor for 8 Mars (named for the date on which International Women's Day is recognized each year), a newspaper written by and for Moroccan women interested in feminist issues. Civil Society and Political Change in Morocco. Les règles du mariage au Maroc DM Dissolution du mariage. De ce fait, le Royaume fait le choix d’être dans la continuité du rite malékite et de ne pas rompre avec le droit musulman, tout en se dotant d’un cadre légal. [9], There are social, legal, logistical, and political barriers to the actual implementation of many of the reforms in the new Mudawana. "Morocco/Western Sahara." La démocratie libérale avancée serait devenue le modèle universel et dominant, à imiter voire à adopter, y compris par la force, comme en témoignent les projets de démocratie dans le grand Moyen-Orient, inspirés par les néoconservateurs américains. Major components of the reforms included raising the minimum legal age of marriage to 18 for men and women, establishing joint responsibility for the family among men and women, limiting the terms of polygamy and divorce, and granting women more rights in the negotiation of marriage contracts, among other provisions. The Moroccan women's movement has been a product of the recent history of society since the pre-colonial period. Although there were calls for reform to the family law in the 1960s and 70s, its religious origins made amending it a challenge, and no serious movement for reform emerged until the 1980s. [2] He ordered that a new code be drafted in consultation with some women's groups, to be submitted to him for approval. 9 June 2009. [11] Moreover, many scholars and activists have pointed out that there was strong support for reform from both sides of the debate; the conflict lay in the source of the reforms and in questions of cultural authenticity.[19].